Restoring a 1980 Case 580C: Brakes, Throttle, and Ownership Realities

The 1980 Case 580C is a two-wheel-drive diesel backhoe-loader that remains a popular choice among small contractors and landowners due to its mechanical simplicity and rugged build. While the machine is larger than many compact loaders, its versatility and affordability make it attractive—especially when sourced from a trusted seller. However, like many machines of its era, the 580C comes with quirks that require mechanical patience and a realistic understanding of upkeep.

Brake System: Common Faults and Misconceptions

One of the most frequent complaints about the 580C is poor braking performance. Contrary to some beliefs, no specialty tool is required to service the brakes. The confusion likely stems from the unique brake design:

• The brakes are mounted on stub shafts extending from the transaxle, not on the rear axles.
• The system uses a rotating ball-and-ramp assembly clamped by a band actuated by a hydraulic slave cylinder.
• Fluid leaks from wheel cylinders are common and lead to brake fade or sticking.

Repairs typically involve:

• Removing the floorboard for access
• Replacing or honing wheel cylinders
• Lubricating the parking brake linkage to prevent hang-ups
• Installing new seals and o-rings

A full brake overhaul, if done DIY, can be affordable—roughly $200–$400 in parts. Hiring out the job may exceed the machine’s value if complications arise.

Throttle Issues and Simple Fixes

The hand throttle on this unit fails to hold position, requiring vice grips to maintain RPM. This is usually caused by:

• Dirty or oily friction washers
• Loose tension adjustment on the throttle lever

The fix involves cleaning the washers (without lubrication) and tightening the friction nut. It’s a minor repair but indicative of the kind of small issues that accumulate on older machines.

Cold Starts and Ether Use

The seller reports needing ether to start the machine in winter. While common for older diesels, excessive ether use can damage pistons and rings. A safer alternative is installing a block heater, which pre-warms the coolant and improves combustion. One operator in upstate New York reported reliable starts at 5°F after using a block heater for an hour.

Hydraulic Cylinder Maintenance

Hydraulic cylinders on the 580C are straightforward to rebuild. Seal kits cost around $30 per cylinder. However, piston nuts can be extremely tight—some users have had to take cylinders to a shop just to loosen them. Rebuilding five or six cylinders is a common first-year task for new owners.

Other Observations and Ownership Considerations

Additional issues noted include:

• Broken zerk fittings (grease points), which are easy to replace but may indicate neglected lubrication
• Non-functional gauges, which are typical on machines of this age
• An exhaust pipe facing the wrong direction, likely a cosmetic or retrofit quirk
• Unknown engine hours due to a broken hour meter

Despite these flaws, the machine reportedly runs and operates well. The backhoe boom lock was difficult to engage, but this is often a matter of technique rather than mechanical fault.

Pricing and Market Context

Before the COVID-19 pandemic, similar machines sold for around $5,000. At the market’s peak, prices reached $10,000. Today, values vary widely based on condition, location, and seller reputation. A four-in-one loader bucket adds value, and buying from a known, honest seller is a major advantage.

Final Thoughts

Owning a 1980 Case 580C is not for the faint of heart. It’s a machine that rewards mechanical skill and punishes neglect. While it doesn’t require exotic tools, it does demand time, attention, and a willingness to learn. For those willing to invest in repairs and embrace the quirks, the 580C can be a reliable partner in land development, trenching, and material handling. Just don’t expect it to be low-maintenance—and always keep a block heater and a grease gun nearby.